Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs and STDs)

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are not fun or easy to talk about. It can be embarrassing to talk about STIs or STDs, but they are more common than you think. And when it comes to pregnancy and STIs and STDs, it’s best to learn how to protect yourself from and treat STIs and STDs.

STIs and STDs are infections that are spread by having sex with someone who has a sexually transmitted infection. This could include oral, vaginal, or anal sex. Although STIs are common among sexually active men and women, many people do not know they have been infected. Some women may not find out they have an STI until their first prenatal visit when they are pregnant. Prenatal STI screening is standard because it is best to find out about an STI early in your pregnancy.

How do I know if I have an STI or an STD?

At the first prenatal appointment, many women are tested for STIs, including: chlamydia, gonorrhea, HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Testing can be done through blood tests, vaginal swabs, and blood tests. urine. If you suspect you might have an STI/STD, you should request a test. Testing is routinely performed on pregnant women who are younger than 25 years of age, as well as women who have new or multiple sexual partners, have a sexual partner who has other partners, past or current drug users currently, not in a monogamous relationship, non-use or sporadic use of condoms, sexual partner with an STI, sex workers, exchanging sex for drugs or money, and/or living in high-risk areas.

What if I have an STI or STD?

If your result is positive, your healthcare professional will notify you in several days to about a week. Immediate treatment with antibiotics can usually eliminate an STI. A follow-up test may be done in the third trimester, depending on your age or risk factors. In the case of HIV, ongoing treatment will be required for you and your baby. With all STIs, the sooner treatment is started, the sooner the infection can be treated and the incidence of STI transmission to your baby can be reduced.

Will my pregnancy be affected?

Early testing during the first trimester and follow-up testing during the third trimester, as well as treatment if an STI is detected, will have a big impact on the chance that you and your baby will be affected. In most cases, early detection and treatment will resolve any potential complications.

If left untested and/or untreated, sexually transmitted infections in pregnant women can cause problems during pregnancy, such as: preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, and low birth weight. The infant can contract the STI during pregnancy, during vaginal delivery, or after delivery through breastfeeding, as in the case of HIV. Some STIs could have lifelong implications for your child. For these reasons, we strongly recommend that women get tested for STIs early in their pregnancy and follow recommended treatment protocols.